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Table 2 Treatment, complications, and outcome of COVID-19, and management of PTX/PM

From: Clinical characteristics of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in mechanical ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a case series

 

Treatment

Complications

 

Outcome

 

Dexamethasone 6.6 mg × 7–10 days

Methylprednisolone 1000 mg

ECMO day from PTX/PM

PPT

No of PPT before PTX/PM

Onset day after last PPT

ARDS

Management of PTX/PM

Death

ICU length of stay, in days

1

 − 

 − 

0

 + 

5

6

 + 

Tube thoracotomy

 − 

60

2

 − 

 + 

50

 + 

4

1

 + 

Tube thoracotomy + bronchial occlusion

 + 

88

3

 + 

 − 

 − 

 + 

1

8

 − 

Conservative

 − 

21

4

 − 

 + 

 − 

 + 

1

7

 + 

Tube thoracotomy

 − 

17

5

 + 

 − 

 − 

 + 

1

0

 − 

Conservative

 + 

6

6

 + 

 − 

I0

 + 

1

2

 − 

Tube thoracotomy + pleurodesis

 − 

63

7

 + 

 − 

29

 + 

2

17

 + 

Tube thoracotomy

 − 

64

8

 + 

 + 

-2

 + 

1

2

 + 

Conservative

 − 

75

9

 + 

 − 

11

 + 

4

1

 + 

Tube thoracotomy

 + 

40

10

 + 

 − 

-1

 − 

-

-

 + 

Tube thoracotomy

 + 

17

11

 + 

 − 

11

 + 

3

12

 + 

Conservative

 + 

47

12

 + 

 + 

-6

 + 

4

3

 + 

Tube thoracotomy

 + 

59

Median

(IQR)

    

2 (1–4)

3 (1–8)

   

53 (19–63.5)

  1. Steroids were administered to 11 (91.7%) patients to treat COVID-19. Two patients had PM only and were treated conservatively. Of the 10 patients with PTX, eight were treated with tube thoracostomy, and two were managed conservatively. The mortality rate of patients with PTX or PM was 50%
  2. Continuous variables are expressed as medians (IQR)
  3. COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, PTX pneumothorax, PM pneumomediastinum, PPT prone position therapy, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range